Showing posts with label Crystallography. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Crystallography. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 31, 2013

Fundamentals of Powder Diffraction and Structural Characterization of Materials 2e

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Fundamentals of Powder Diffraction and Structural Characterization of Materials 2nd Edition, by Vitalij Pecharsky and Peter Zavalij provides an in-depth introduction to the theories and applications of the powder diffraction method for structure determination. The emphasis is placed on powder diffraction data collected using conventional x-ray sources, which remain primary tools for thousands of researchers and students in their daily experimental work.

The book is divided into two parts: chapters one though fifteen give essential theoretical background, while chapters sixteen through twenty-five guide the reader through practical aspects of extracting structural information from powder data. It is suited for undergraduate and graduate students and practitioners from materials science, solid-state chemistry, physics, geology, and literally any other science or engineering background, who demand structural information at the atomic resolution using the powder diffraction method.

The book requires no prior knowledge of the subject, but is comprehensive and detailed making it useful for both the novice and experienced user of the powder diffraction method. While developed as a text to teach students, the book is also a reference for academic and industrial researchers using the powder diffraction method in their daily work.

Major revisions include expanded treatment of non-crystallographic symmetry, brief introductions to the total scattering analysis and non-ambient powder diffractometry, basics of quantitative analysis using the Rietveld method, including determination of amorphous content, addition of a difficult pseudo-symmetric indexing case.

This book offers expanded coverage of direct space structure solution techniques with an introduction to the mechanism of constraints, restraints and rigid bodies and a new example of structure solution of a pharmaceutical compound. The additional problems help in assessment of students’ progress. The book is supplemented by online content, including color figures, powder diffraction data, examples, and web links.

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Crystallography Made Crystal Clear 3rd Edition, Gale Rhodes

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Crystallography Made Crystal Clear 3rd Edition: A Guide for Users of Macromolecular Models by Gale Rhodes provides clear, understandable descriptions of principles of X-ray crystallography. It leads reader through unintimidating and thorough explanations of the underlying mathematics. There are abundant illustrations, including diagrams, charts, photographs, and color stereo.

Author explains how to read crystallography papers in research journals by including brief descriptions of other diffraction methods (neutron, electron, Laue) and the kinds of structural information they can provide. This book introduces other methods of macromolecular structure determination (NMR spectroscopy and homology modeling), and provides guidance in judging the quality of these models.

Author makes crystallography accessible to readers who have no prior knowledge of the field, or its mathematical basis. It has been fully updated and expanded to make it the most comprehensive and concise reference for beginning crystallographers. The book also introduces essential World Wide Web tools for users of models, including beginning-level tutorials in molecular modeling on personal computers.

The CMCC Home Page provides access to all tools and links to all resources discussed in this book. Most significantly, the final chapter introduces the reader to macromolecular modeling on personal computers-featuring SwissPdbViewer, a free, powerful modeling program now available for PC, Power Macintosh, and Unix computers.

Author provides guidance in quality control, with the hope of making you a prudent user of models from all sources. Neither of the new chapters contains full or rigorous treatments of these "other" methods. He gives you a useful feeling for these methods, for the relationship between data and structures, and for the pitfalls inherent in taking any model too literally.

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Tuesday, July 30, 2013

Synthesis and Technique in Inorganic Chemistry: A Laboratory Manual

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Synthesis and Technique in Inorganic Chemistry: A Laboratory Manual by Gregory S. Girolami, Thomas B. Rauchfuss and Robert J. Angelici has been extensively updated to reflect new developments in inorganic chemistry. Twenty-three experiments are divided into five sections: solid state chemistry, main group chemistry, coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, and bioinorganic chemistry.

The included experiments are safe, have been thoroughly tested to ensure reproducibility, are illustrative of modern issues in inorganic chemistry, and are capable of being performed in one or two laboratory periods of three or four hours. Because facilities vary from school to school, the authors have included a broad range of experiments to help provide a meaningful course in almost any academic setting.

Each clearly written & illustrated experiment begins with an introduction that highlights the theme of the experiment, often including a discussion of a particular characterization method that will be used, followed by the experimental procedure, a set of problems, a listing of suggested Independent Studies, and literature references.

Each experiment is well chosen and collectively they present a sufficiently broad spectrum of synthesis and compound characterization techniques to provide an excellent education for any student who completes them. The writing style is clear and concise and at a level that advanced undergraduate students can clearly comprehend. It is highly recommended as a textbook for a one-semester advanced inorganic synthesis course.

This is an excellent update to a classic inorganic chemistry laboratory text. One of the strengths of this book is that there is something here for everyone. The experiments described in the third edition illustrate a wide variety of topics in inorganic chemistry ranging from classic coordination chemistry to more recent advances in the fields of organometallic, solid state, and bioinorganic chemistry.

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Physical Properties of Crystals: Their Representation by Tensors and Matrices

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Physical Properties of Crystals: Their Representation by Tensors and Matrices by J. F. Nye offers additional chapter bringing the material up to date. The author formulates the physical properties of crystals systematically in tensor notation, presenting tensor properties in terms of their common mathematical basis and the thermodynamic relations between them.

The mathematical groundwork is laid in a discussion of tensors of the first and second ranks. Tensors of higher ranks and matrix methods are then introduced as natural developments of the theory. A similar pattern is followed in discussing thermodynamic and optical aspects.

It is unusual to be asked to review a book published more than 25 years ago and it is equally uncommon, therefore, for the reviewer to have a well-thumbed personal copy of the book; however, Nye's book, currently in the eighth printing of the first edition, is unusual in the clarity of its presentation and its applicability to understanding crystals and their interaction to various types of external events. This reviewer welcomes the opportunity to extoll the merits of this book to a new segment of the geoscience community.

In this textbook designed for advanced undergraduates, the author develops a description of the physical properties of crystals in tensor notation and presents the mathematical basis for these properties. He is not concerned with the explanation of particular crystal properties in terms of atomic structure.

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Biomolecular Crystallography: Principles, Practice and Application to Structural Biology

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Biomolecular Crystallography: Principles, Practice, and Application to Structural Biology by Bernhard Rupp combines a comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals with methodological details that are often omitted in introductory texts. It will be of value to anyone that works in macromolecular X-ray crystallography, particularly to graduate students or postdoctoral fellows who are mastering the technique.

Ever despaired as a practicing structural biologist turned crystallographer about texts that were either too technical, not technical enough, or did not have any relevance to how things are done in practice? It is a text written by experienced academic teacher with ample of routine in the grunt work of structure determination and analysis. Many applications and examples ranging from fundamental biochemical questions to structure based drug discovery.

Given the extraordinary progress in biomolecular crystallography, the challenge of providing a comprehensive and authoritative overview, starting from first principles, is formidable. Its 808 pages are beautifully written and wonderfully illustrated, many in color. This book will be an essential part of the library of any department that claims to make contributions to modern biology and a necessary addition also to the libraries of big pharmaceutical companies and small biotechs.

This is a book to be enjoyed by all who wish to become structural biologists. I am also sure that many practicing structural biologists - even some who consider themselves mature - would do well to read its pages. It is first and foremost a comprehensive reference text and laboratory manual for the practicing structural biologist, from the basics of biomolecular structure to modern advanced and powerful techniques in biomolecular structure determination, and analysis and application of structural information.

Figures and graphs computed from new and original data are used extensively to help clarify important concepts, and derivations of all relevant mathematical and statistical principles—many of which have never been brought together in a single volume—are presented.

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